O Navis, Referent in Mare Te Novi Fluctus

“O navis, referent in mare te novi fluctus” opens Horace’s Odes 1.14. The speaker addresses a ship, warning it that new waves will carry it back out to sea. The poem is often read as an allegory of the state.

Nāvis is a vocative, referent is a future, and the subject, novī fluctūs, comes last. Tap the words to see how the short sentence is built.

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Horace · Odes 1.14

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nāvisshipreferentwill carry back
Carmina, the Odes of Horace: cover

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